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Vulnerability record · CVE-2026-81875 · published 16 September 2026

CVE-2026-81875: Improper input validation vulnerability

HAPI FHIR is a complete implementation of the HL7 FHIR standard for healthcare interoperability in Java. Prior to version 6.9.12, SHCParser in org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/elementmodel/SHCParser.java can consume attacker-controlled Smart Health Card JWT content whose header contains zip: "DEF" and whose small raw-DEFLATE payload expands to a very large value. SHCParser.decodeJWT() passes the decoded payload to SHCParser.inflate(), which accumulates all decompressed bytes in a ByteArrayOutputStream without an output-size limit before JSON parsing, and SHCParser.decompress() contains the same unbounded pattern. An application or validator service that accepts attacker-supplied SHC content can therefore suffer excessive heap allocation, severe garbage-collection pressure, request failure, process instability, or process termination. This issue is fixed in version 6.9.12.

7.5 CVSS 3.1 High EPSS 0.63% · top 51.9% CWE-20 · Improper input validationCWE-400 · Uncontrolled resource consumption Received
7.5CVSS 3.1 base score
0.63%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
0Affected product versions listed by NVD
6References
17 Sep 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

HAPI FHIR is a complete implementation of the HL7 FHIR standard for healthcare interoperability in Java. Prior to version 6.9.12, SHCParser in org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/elementmodel/SHCParser.java can consume attacker-controlled Smart Health Card JWT content whose header contains zip: "DEF" and whose small raw-DEFLATE payload expands to a very large value. SHCParser.decodeJWT() passes the decoded payload to SHCParser.inflate(), which accumulates all decompressed bytes in a ByteArrayOutputStream without an output-size limit before JSON parsing, and SHCParser.decompress() contains the same unbounded pattern. An application or validator service that accepts attacker-supplied SHC content can therefore suffer excessive heap allocation, severe garbage-collection pressure, request failure, process instability, or process termination. This issue is fixed in version 6.9.12.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

References

LinkTags
https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/commit/fbb94216e0ad21ded75be77e5e20242ba194e83f
https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/pull/2493
https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/releases/tag/6.9.11
https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/releases/tag/6.9.12
https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/security/advisories/GHSA-3w98-rrpr-fprr
https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/security/advisories/GHSA-3w98-rrpr-fprr

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Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2026-81875), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-26). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.