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Vulnerability record · CVE-2026-72742 · published 11 August 2026

CVE-2026-72742: DSPy 3.3.0b1 contains a file exfiltration vulnerability in the Image and Audio output field adapters that allo…

DSPy 3.3.0b1 contains a file exfiltration vulnerability in the Image and Audio output field adapters that allows attackers with influence over language model outputs to read arbitrary local files by injecting a filesystem path into the url field of a parsed Image or Audio typed output. The JSONAdapter and ChatAdapter parse untrusted language model completions through parse_value into TypeAdapter validation, which triggers encode_image or encode_audio to read and base64-encode any local file path via the os.path.isfile branch in image.py and audio.py, subsequently embedding the file contents into outgoing prompt messages sent to the attacker-controlled model endpoint.

9.2 CVSS 4.0 Critical EPSS 0.51% · top 59.0% CWE-73 · CWE-73 Awaiting Analysis
9.2CVSS 4.0 base score
0.51%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
0Affected product versions listed by NVD
4References
24 Sep 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

DSPy 3.3.0b1 contains a file exfiltration vulnerability in the Image and Audio output field adapters that allows attackers with influence over language model outputs to read arbitrary local files by injecting a filesystem path into the url field of a parsed Image or Audio typed output. The JSONAdapter and ChatAdapter parse untrusted language model completions through parse_value into TypeAdapter validation, which triggers encode_image or encode_audio to read and base64-encode any local file path via the os.path.isfile branch in image.py and audio.py, subsequently embedding the file contents into outgoing prompt messages sent to the attacker-controlled model endpoint.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:

References

LinkTags
https://github.com/stanfordnlp/dspy
https://github.com/stanfordnlp/dspy/commit/c69136b29aca4c00ca6da7667f7b80783188980e
https://github.com/stanfordnlp/dspy/issues/10067
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/dspy-0b1-local-file-read-via-image-audio-output-field-parsing

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Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2026-72742), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-26). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.