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Vulnerability record · CVE-2026-71847 · published 7 August 2026

CVE-2026-71847: Use after free vulnerability

Ruby JSON is a JSON implementation for Ruby. From 2.20.0 until 2.21.2, Ruby's JSON native C extension clears the consumed JSON::ResumableParser input buffer but leaves state.start, state.cursor, and state.end pointing into released storage. When partial_value reconstructs an incomplete object containing duplicate keys, the duplicate-key warning path calls cursor_position, which dereferences those stale pointers. This results in a heap-use-after-free and can terminate the Ruby process. An attacker who can supply JSON stream data to an application using JSON::ResumableParser may cause process termination when the application calls partial_value on incomplete attacker-controlled input containing duplicate object keys. This issue has been fixed in version 2.21.2.

8.7 CVSS 4.0 High EPSS 0.43% · top 65.5% CWE-416 · Use after free Awaiting Analysis
8.7CVSS 4.0 base score
0.43%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
0Affected product versions listed by NVD
2References
18 Sep 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

Ruby JSON is a JSON implementation for Ruby. From 2.20.0 until 2.21.2, Ruby's JSON native C extension clears the consumed JSON::ResumableParser input buffer but leaves state.start, state.cursor, and state.end pointing into released storage. When partial_value reconstructs an incomplete object containing duplicate keys, the duplicate-key warning path calls cursor_position, which dereferences those stale pointers. This results in a heap-use-after-free and can terminate the Ruby process. An attacker who can supply JSON stream data to an application using JSON::ResumableParser may cause process termination when the application calls partial_value on incomplete attacker-controlled input containing duplicate object keys. This issue has been fixed in version 2.21.2.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:

References

LinkTags
https://github.com/ruby/json/security/advisories/GHSA-9hj4-r449-hfvc
https://github.com/ruby/json/security/advisories/GHSA-9hj4-r449-hfvc

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Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2026-71847), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-27). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.