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Vulnerability record · CVE-2026-45903 · published 27 May 2026

CVE-2026-45903: Linux kernel out-of-bounds read vulnerability

Linux · Linux Kernel

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix memory access flags in helper prototypes After commit 37cce22dbd51 ("bpf: verifier: Refactor helper access type tracking"), the verifier started relying on the access type flags in helper function prototypes to perform memory access optimizations. Currently, several helper functions utilizing ARG_PTR_TO_MEM lack the corresponding MEM_RDONLY or MEM_WRITE flags. This omission causes the verifier to incorrectly assume that the buffer contents are unchanged across the helper call. Consequently, the verifier may optimize away subsequent reads based on this wrong assumption, leading to correctness issues. For bpf_get_stack_proto_raw_tp, the original MEM_RDONLY was incorrect since the helper writes to the buffer. Change it to ARG_PTR_TO_UNINIT_MEM which correctly indicates write access to potentially uninitialized memory. Similar issues were recently addressed for specific helpers in commit ac44dcc788b9 ("bpf: Fix verifier assumptions of bpf_d_path's output buffer") and commit 2eb7648558a7 ("bpf: Specify access type of bpf_sysctl_get_name args"). Fix these prototypes by adding the correct memory access flags.

7.1 CVSS 3.1 High EPSS 0.16% · top 95.0% CWE-125 · Out-of-bounds read Undergoing Analysis
7.1CVSS 3.1 base score
0.16%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
1Affected product versions listed by NVD
3References
24 Jun 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix memory access flags in helper prototypes After commit 37cce22dbd51 ("bpf: verifier: Refactor helper access type tracking"), the verifier started relying on the access type flags in helper function prototypes to perform memory access optimizations. Currently, several helper functions utilizing ARG_PTR_TO_MEM lack the corresponding MEM_RDONLY or MEM_WRITE flags. This omission causes the verifier to incorrectly assume that the buffer contents are unchanged across the helper call. Consequently, the verifier may optimize away subsequent reads based on this wrong assumption, leading to correctness issues. For bpf_get_stack_proto_raw_tp, the original MEM_RDONLY was incorrect since the helper writes to the buffer. Change it to ARG_PTR_TO_UNINIT_MEM which correctly indicates write access to potentially uninitialized memory. Similar issues were recently addressed for specific helpers in commit ac44dcc788b9 ("bpf: Fix verifier assumptions of bpf_d_path's output buffer") and commit 2eb7648558a7 ("bpf: Specify access type of bpf_sysctl_get_name args"). Fix these prototypes by adding the correct memory access flags.

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

Affected products

1 vulnerable configurations from NVD's CPE data, grouped by vendor and product.

References

LinkTags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/802eef5afb1865bc5536a5302c068ba2215a1f72 Patch
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aa319592892068bd960c1a1c07bd621085b0c63d Patch
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fdfe75161f6e8c41a7d3023fbb815b537107b806 Patch

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Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2026-45903), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-26). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.