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Vulnerability record · CVE-2026-45130 · published 8 May 2026

CVE-2026-45130: Neovim heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability

Neovim · Neovim

Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to version 9.2.0450, a heap buffer overflow exists in read_compound() in src/spellfile.c when loading a crafted spell file (.spl) with UTF-8 encoding active. An attacker-controlled length field in the spell file's compound section overflows a 32-bit signed integer multiplication, causing a small buffer to be allocated for a write loop that runs many iterations, overflowing the heap. Because the 'spelllang' option can be set from a modeline, a text file modeline can trigger spell file loading if a malicious .spl file has been planted on the runtimepath. This issue has been patched in version 9.2.0450.

5.5 CVSS 3.1 Medium EPSS 0.20% · top 91.5% CWE-122 · Heap-based buffer overflowCWE-190 · Integer overflow
5.5CVSS 3.1 base score
0.20%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
2Affected product versions listed by NVD
4References, 1 tagged exploit
24 Jul 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to version 9.2.0450, a heap buffer overflow exists in read_compound() in src/spellfile.c when loading a crafted spell file (.spl) with UTF-8 encoding active. An attacker-controlled length field in the spell file's compound section overflows a 32-bit signed integer multiplication, causing a small buffer to be allocated for a write loop that runs many iterations, overflowing the heap. Because the 'spelllang' option can be set from a modeline, a text file modeline can trigger spell file loading if a malicious .spl file has been planted on the runtimepath. This issue has been patched in version 9.2.0450.

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Affected products

2 vulnerable configurations from NVD's CPE data, grouped by vendor and product.

References

LinkTags
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/92993329178cb1f72d700fff45ca86e1c2d369f8 Patch
https://github.com/vim/vim/releases/tag/v9.2.0450 Product
https://github.com/vim/vim/security/advisories/GHSA-q4jv-r9gj-6cwv ExploitPatchVendor Advisory
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/05/14/3 Mailing ListThird Party Advisory

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Related vulnerabilities

Same products first, then exploited flaws of the same weakness class.

9.8CVE-2020-20703Vim classic buffer overflow vulnerabilityBuffer Overflow vulnerability in VIM v.8.1.2135 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the operand parameter.EPSS 1.5%9.8CVE-2022-3520Vim heap-based buffer overflow vulnerabilityHeap-based Buffer Overflow in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 9.0.0765.EPSS 1.1%9.8CVE-2022-0318Vim heap-based buffer overflow vulnerabilityHeap-based Buffer Overflow in vim/vim prior to 8.2.EPSS 2.0%9.8CVE-2017-6349Vim integer overflow vulnerabilityAn integer overflow at a u_read_undo memory allocation site would occur for vim before patch 8.0.0377, if it does not properly validate values for tr…EPSS 2.7%9.8CVE-2017-6350Vim integer overflow vulnerabilityAn integer overflow at an unserialize_uep memory allocation site would occur for vim before patch 8.0.0378, if it does not properly validate values f…EPSS 3.2%9.8CVE-2017-5953Vim integer overflow vulnerabilityvim before patch 8.0.0322 does not properly validate values for tree length when handling a spell file, which may result in an integer overflow at a …EPSS 2.8%9.3CVE-2008-6235Vim os command injection vulnerabilityThe Netrw plugin (netrw.vim) in Vim 7.0 and 7.1 allows user-assisted attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in a filename u…EPSS 3.0%9.3CVE-2008-3075Vim code injection vulnerabilityThe shellescape function in Vim 7.0 through 7.2, including 7.2a.10, allows user-assisted attackers to execute arbitrary code via the "!" (exclamation…EPSS 4.3%

Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2026-45130), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-10-02). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.