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Vulnerability record · CVE-2026-44498 · published 8 May 2026

CVE-2026-44498: Zfnd zebrad vulnerability

Zfnd · Zebrad

ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to version 4.4.0, Zebra's block validator undercounts transparent signature operations against the 20000-sigop block limit (MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS), allowing it to accept blocks that zcashd rejects with bad-blk-sigops. A miner who produces such a block can split the network: Zebra nodes follow the offending chain while zcashd nodes do not. This issue has been patched in version 4.4.0.

9.2 CVSS 4.0 Critical EPSS 0.38% · top 70.6% CWE-682 · CWE-682
9.2CVSS 4.0 base score
0.38%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
1Affected product versions listed by NVD
2References
17 Jun 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to version 4.4.0, Zebra's block validator undercounts transparent signature operations against the 20000-sigop block limit (MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS), allowing it to accept blocks that zcashd rejects with bad-blk-sigops. A miner who produces such a block can split the network: Zebra nodes follow the offending chain while zcashd nodes do not. This issue has been patched in version 4.4.0.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:

Affected products

1 vulnerable configurations from NVD's CPE data, grouped by vendor and product.

References

LinkTags
https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/releases/tag/v4.4.0 Release Notes
https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-jv4h-j224-23cc Vendor Advisory

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Related vulnerabilities

Same products first, then exploited flaws of the same weakness class.

9.3CVE-2026-44497Zfnd zebra-script improper verification of cryptographic signature vulnerabilityZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad version 4.4.0 and prior to zebra-script version 6.0.0, the fix for CVE-2026-41583 int…EPSS 0.30%9.3CVE-2026-41583Zfnd zebra-script vulnerabilityZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad version 4.3.1 and prior to zebra-script version 5.0.2, after a refactoring, Zebra fai…EPSS 0.47%9.2CVE-2026-41584Zfnd zebra-chain vulnerabilityZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad version 4.3.1 and prior to zebra-chain version 6.0.2, Orchard transactions contain a …EPSS 0.46%7.2CVE-2026-40880Zfnd zebra-consensus vulnerabilityZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad version 4.3.1 and zebra-consensus version 5.0.2, a logic error in Zebra's transaction…EPSS 0.44%6.9CVE-2026-41585Zfnd zebra-rpc vulnerabilityZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. From zebrad versions 2.2.0 to before 4.3.1 and from zebra-rpc versions 1.0.0-beta.45 to before 6.0.2,…EPSS 0.43%6.3CVE-2026-40881Zfnd zebra-network allocation without limits vulnerabilityZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad version 4.3.0 and zebra-network version 5.0.1, when deserializing addr or addrv2 mess…EPSS 0.46%5.3CVE-2026-44500Zfnd zebra-chain allocation without limits vulnerabilityZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad version 4.4.0, prior to zebra-chain version 7.0.0, and prior to zebra-network version…EPSS 0.42%

Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2026-44498), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-26). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.