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Vulnerability record · CVE-2026-42563 · published 10 June 2026

CVE-2026-42563: OS command injection vulnerability

Dulwich is a pure-Python implementation of the Git file formats and protocols. Starting in version 0.24.0 and prior to version 1.2.5, Dulwich's `ProcessMergeDriver` substitutes the file path (from the git tree, controllable by an attacker via a malicious branch) into the merge driver command via the `%P` placeholder and executes it with `subprocess.run(..., shell=True)`. An attacker who can cause a victim to merge an untrusted branch can achieve arbitrary command execution by crafting malicious file paths. Version 1.2.5 fixes the issue.

7.7 CVSS 4.0 High EPSS 0.80% · top 45.3% CWE-78 · OS command injection Deferred
7.7CVSS 4.0 base score
0.80%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
0Affected product versions listed by NVD
4References
21 Jul 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

Dulwich is a pure-Python implementation of the Git file formats and protocols. Starting in version 0.24.0 and prior to version 1.2.5, Dulwich's `ProcessMergeDriver` substitutes the file path (from the git tree, controllable by an attacker via a malicious branch) into the merge driver command via the `%P` placeholder and executes it with `subprocess.run(..., shell=True)`. An attacker who can cause a victim to merge an untrusted branch can achieve arbitrary command execution by crafting malicious file paths. Version 1.2.5 fixes the issue.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:

References

LinkTags
https://github.com/jelmer/dulwich/commit/e3331b3b3a122fc313460182f928f59723580b7b
https://github.com/jelmer/dulwich/releases/tag/dulwich-1.2.5
https://github.com/jelmer/dulwich/security/advisories/GHSA-9277-mp7x-85jf
https://github.com/jelmer/dulwich/security/advisories/GHSA-9277-mp7x-85jf

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Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2026-42563), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-27). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.