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Vulnerability record · CVE-2026-40520 · published 21 April 2026

CVE-2026-40520: Freepbx api os command injection vulnerability

Freepbx · Api

FreePBX api module version 17.0.8 and prior contain a command injection vulnerability in the initiateGqlAPIProcess() function where GraphQL mutation input fields are passed directly to shell_exec() without sanitization or escaping. An authenticated user with a valid bearer token can send a GraphQL moduleOperations mutation with backtick-wrapped commands in the module field to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying host as the web server user.

8.6 CVSS 4.0 High EPSS 2.4% · top 16.5% CWE-78 · OS command injection
8.6CVSS 4.0 base score
2.4%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
1Affected product versions listed by NVD
4References
14 Jul 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

FreePBX api module version 17.0.8 and prior contain a command injection vulnerability in the initiateGqlAPIProcess() function where GraphQL mutation input fields are passed directly to shell_exec() without sanitization or escaping. An authenticated user with a valid bearer token can send a GraphQL moduleOperations mutation with backtick-wrapped commands in the module field to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying host as the web server user.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:

Affected products

1 vulnerable configurations from NVD's CPE data, grouped by vendor and product.

References

LinkTags
https://github.com/FreePBX/api/blob/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6/Api.class.php#L546C1-L554C3 Product
https://github.com/FreePBX/api/blob/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6/ApiGqlHelper.class.php#L34C1-L36C136 Product
https://github.com/FreePBX/api/commit/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6 Patch
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/freepbx-api-module-command-injection-via-graphql Third Party Advisory

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Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2026-40520), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-27). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.