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Vulnerability record · CVE-2026-40187 · published 20 July 2026

CVE-2026-40187: OS command injection vulnerability

In egroupware version 26.0 and earlier, an authenticated administrator can achieve OS-level Remote Code Execution (RCE) by uploading a malicious eTemplate XML file (`.xet`) to the VFS `/etemplates` mount. The `Widget::expand_name()` method passes template widget attribute values directly into a PHP `eval()` call with only double-quote escaping applied - **backtick characters are not escaped**. In PHP, backticks inside a double-quoted `eval()` string execute shell commands. This allows an admin-level user to escalate from web application access to arbitrary OS command execution on the server.

8.6 CVSS 4.0 High EPSS 0.86% · top 43.3% CWE-78 · OS command injectionCWE-95 · CWE-95 Deferred
8.6CVSS 4.0 base score
0.86%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
0Affected product versions listed by NVD
2References
23 Jul 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

In egroupware version 26.0 and earlier, an authenticated administrator can achieve OS-level Remote Code Execution (RCE) by uploading a malicious eTemplate XML file (`.xet`) to the VFS `/etemplates` mount. The `Widget::expand_name()` method passes template widget attribute values directly into a PHP `eval()` call with only double-quote escaping applied - **backtick characters are not escaped**. In PHP, backticks inside a double-quoted `eval()` string execute shell commands. This allows an admin-level user to escalate from web application access to arbitrary OS command execution on the server.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:

References

LinkTags
https://github.com/EGroupware/egroupware/security/advisories/GHSA-8737-2x9g-xjj7
https://github.com/EGroupware/egroupware/security/advisories/GHSA-8737-2x9g-xjj7

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Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2026-40187), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-26). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.