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Vulnerability record · CVE-2026-28465 · published 5 March 2026

CVE-2026-28465: Openclaw authentication bypass by spoofing vulnerability

Openclaw · Openclaw

OpenClaw's voice-call plugin versions before 2026.2.3 contain an improper authentication vulnerability in webhook verification that allows remote attackers to bypass verification by supplying untrusted forwarded headers. Attackers can spoof webhook events by manipulating Forwarded or X-Forwarded-* headers in reverse-proxy configurations that implicitly trust these headers.

8.2 CVSS 4.0 High EPSS 0.68% · top 49.8% CWE-290 · Authentication bypass by spoofing
8.2CVSS 4.0 base score
0.68%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
1Affected product versions listed by NVD
3References
17 Sep 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

OpenClaw's voice-call plugin versions before 2026.2.3 contain an improper authentication vulnerability in webhook verification that allows remote attackers to bypass verification by supplying untrusted forwarded headers. Attackers can spoof webhook events by manipulating Forwarded or X-Forwarded-* headers in reverse-proxy configurations that implicitly trust these headers.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:

Affected products

1 vulnerable configurations from NVD's CPE data, grouped by vendor and product.

References

LinkTags
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/a749db9820eb6d6224032a5a34223d286d2dcc2f Patch
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-3m3q-x3gj-f79x Vendor Advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-voice-call-webhook-verification-bypass-via-forwarded-headers Third Party Advisory

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Related vulnerabilities

Same products first, then exploited flaws of the same weakness class.

9.8CVE-2026-30741Openclaw code injection vulnerabilityA remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in OpenClaw Agent Platform v2026.2.6 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a Request-Side prompt…EPSS 1.2%9.4CVE-2026-33579Openclaw incorrect authorization vulnerabilityOpenClaw before 2026.3.28 contains a privilege escalation vulnerability in the /pair approve command path that fails to forward caller scopes into th…EPSS 0.51%9.4CVE-2026-32978Openclaw incorrect authorization vulnerabilityOpenClaw before 2026.3.11 contains an approval integrity vulnerability where system.run approvals fail to bind mutable file operands for certain scri…EPSS 0.32%9.4CVE-2026-32922Openclaw vulnerabilityOpenClaw before 2026.3.11 contains a privilege escalation vulnerability in device.token.rotate that allows callers with operator.pairing scope to min…EPSS 0.69%9.4CVE-2026-22172Openclaw missing authorization vulnerabilityOpenClaw versions prior to 2026.3.12 contain an authorization bypass vulnerability in the WebSocket connect path that allows shared-token or password…EPSS 0.56%9.4CVE-2026-28466Openclaw incorrect authorization vulnerabilityOpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.14 contain a vulnerability in the gateway in which it fails to sanitize internal approval fields in node.invoke par…EPSS 0.67%9.3CVE-2026-43534Openclaw insufficient verification of data authenticity vulnerabilityOpenClaw before 2026.4.10 contains an input validation vulnerability that allows external hook metadata to be enqueued as trusted system events. Atta…EPSS 0.30%9.3CVE-2026-32987Openclaw authentication bypass by capture-replay vulnerabilityOpenClaw before 2026.3.13 allows bootstrap setup codes to be replayed during device pairing verification in src/infra/device-bootstrap.ts. Attackers …EPSS 0.61%

Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2026-28465), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-26). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.