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Vulnerability record · CVE-2026-16481 · published 27 July 2026

CVE-2026-16481: Google mcp toolbox for databases server-side request forgery (ssrf) vulnerability

Google · Mcp Toolbox For Databases

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) and credential exfiltration vulnerability exists in the cloud-healthcare-fhir-fetch-page tool of googleapis/mcp-toolbox. The tool takes an unvalidated pageURL parameter from the client and issues an HTTP GET request to it using an authenticated client. The underlying transport automatically attaches an Authorization: Bearer header to every outbound request regardless of the destination host. An attacker can supply an arbitrary external URL to the pageURL parameter (either directly via the tool execution payload or implicitly via data-driven pagination tracking loops), leading Toolbox into sending its OAuth/service-account access token to an attacker-controlled listener. Depending on the configuration, this leaks either the end-user's token or the broader service-account access token (ADC), potentially exposing Protected Health Information (PHI) and secondary Google Cloud Platform services.

6.0 CVSS 4.0 Medium EPSS 0.19% · top 92.0% CWE-918 · Server-side request forgery (SSRF)
6.0CVSS 4.0 base score
0.19%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
1Affected product versions listed by NVD
1References
28 Sep 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) and credential exfiltration vulnerability exists in the cloud-healthcare-fhir-fetch-page tool of googleapis/mcp-toolbox. The tool takes an unvalidated pageURL parameter from the client and issues an HTTP GET request to it using an authenticated client. The underlying transport automatically attaches an Authorization: Bearer header to every outbound request regardless of the destination host. An attacker can supply an arbitrary external URL to the pageURL parameter (either directly via the tool execution payload or implicitly via data-driven pagination tracking loops), leading Toolbox into sending its OAuth/service-account access token to an attacker-controlled listener. Depending on the configuration, this leaks either the end-user's token or the broader service-account access token (ADC), potentially exposing Protected Health Information (PHI) and secondary Google Cloud Platform services.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:

Affected products

1 vulnerable configurations from NVD's CPE data, grouped by vendor and product.

References

LinkTags
https://github.com/googleapis/mcp-toolbox/pull/3453 PatchVendor AdvisoryIssue Tracking

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Related vulnerabilities

Same products first, then exploited flaws of the same weakness class.

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Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2026-16481), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-29). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.