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Vulnerability record · CVE-2025-9961 · published 6 September 2025

CVE-2025-9961: Classic buffer overflow vulnerability

An authenticated attacker may remotely execute arbitrary code via the CWMP binary on the devices AX10 and AX1500.  The exploit can only be conducted via a Man-In-The-Middle (MITM) attack.  This issue affects AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6: before 1.2.1; AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6: before 1.3.11.

8.6 CVSS 4.0 High EPSS 10.0% · top 4.6% CWE-120 · Classic buffer overflow Deferred
8.6CVSS 4.0 base score
10.0%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
0Affected product versions listed by NVD
4References
26 Sep 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

An authenticated attacker may remotely execute arbitrary code via the CWMP binary on the devices AX10 and AX1500.  The exploit can only be conducted via a Man-In-The-Middle (MITM) attack.  This issue affects AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6: before 1.2.1; AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6: before 1.3.11.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:

References

LinkTags
https://blog.byteray.co.uk/zero-day-alert-automated-discovery-of-critical-cwmp-stack-overflow-in-tp-link-routers-0bc495a
https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/archer-ax10/
https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/archer-ax1500/
https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/4647/

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Same products first, then exploited flaws of the same weakness class.

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Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2025-9961), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-26). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.