← Vulnerability feed

Vulnerability record · CVE-2025-59043 · published 17 October 2025

CVE-2025-59043: Openbao uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability

Openbao · Openbao

OpenBao is an open source identity-based secrets management system. In OpenBao versions prior to 2.4.1, JSON objects after decoding may use significantly more memory than their serialized version. It is possible to craft a JSON payload to maximize the factor between serialized memory usage and deserialized memory usage, similar to a zip bomb, with factors reaching approximately 35. This can be used to circumvent the max_request_size configuration parameter which is intended to protect against denial of service attacks. The request body is parsed into a map very early in the request handling chain before authentication, which means an unauthenticated attacker can send a specifically crafted JSON object and cause an out-of-memory crash. Additionally, for requests with large numbers of strings, the audit subsystem can consume large quantities of CPU. The vulnerability is fixed in version 2.4.1.

7.5 CVSS 3.1 High EPSS 0.69% · top 49.2% CWE-400 · Uncontrolled resource consumption
7.5CVSS 3.1 base score
0.69%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
1Affected product versions listed by NVD
4References
17 Jun 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

OpenBao is an open source identity-based secrets management system. In OpenBao versions prior to 2.4.1, JSON objects after decoding may use significantly more memory than their serialized version. It is possible to craft a JSON payload to maximize the factor between serialized memory usage and deserialized memory usage, similar to a zip bomb, with factors reaching approximately 35. This can be used to circumvent the max_request_size configuration parameter which is intended to protect against denial of service attacks. The request body is parsed into a map very early in the request handling chain before authentication, which means an unauthenticated attacker can send a specifically crafted JSON object and cause an out-of-memory crash. Additionally, for requests with large numbers of strings, the audit subsystem can consume large quantities of CPU. The vulnerability is fixed in version 2.4.1.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Affected products

1 vulnerable configurations from NVD's CPE data, grouped by vendor and product.

References

LinkTags
https://github.com/openbao/openbao/blob/788536bd3e10818a7b4fb00aac6affc23388e5a9/http/logical.go#L50 Product
https://github.com/openbao/openbao/commit/d418f238bc99adc72c73109faf574cc2b672880c Patch
https://github.com/openbao/openbao/pull/1756 Issue Tracking
https://github.com/openbao/openbao/security/advisories/GHSA-g46h-2rq9-gw5m Vendor Advisory

Track CVE-2025-59043 inside VULONE

Watch it alongside the ransomware crews, C2 infrastructure and forum chatter that reference it, query it through the API and pull it into your SIEM over TAXII.

Start free Open in platform

Related vulnerabilities

Same products first, then exploited flaws of the same weakness class.

9.8CVE-2024-2048Hashicorp vault improper certificate validation vulnerabilityVault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) TLS certificate auth method did not correctly validate client certificates when configured with a non-CA certifi…EPSS 0.45%9.4CVE-2026-33758Openbao improper input validation vulnerabilityOpenBao is an open source identity-based secrets management system. Prior to version 2.5.2, OpenBao installations that have an OIDC/JWT authenticatio…EPSS 0.45%9.1CVE-2025-54997Openbao code injection vulnerabilityOpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions …EPSS 0.38%8.8CVE-2024-7594Hashicorp vault incorrect permission assignment vulnerabilityVault’s SSH secrets engine did not require the valid_principals list to contain a value by default. If the valid_principals and default_user fields o…EPSS 0.27%8.3CVE-2026-33757Openbao vulnerabilityOpenBao is an open source identity-based secrets management system. Prior to version 2.5.2, OpenBao does not prompt for user confirmation when loggin…EPSS 0.61%7.5CVE-2025-64761Openbao vulnerabilityOpenBao is an open source identity-based secrets management system. Prior to version 2.4.4, a privileged operator could use the identity group subsys…EPSS 0.36%7.5CVE-2024-8185Hashicorp vault vulnerabilityVault Community and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) clusters using Vault’s Integrated Storage backend are vulnerable to a denial-of-service (DoS) attack t…EPSS 0.48%7.2CVE-2025-54996Openbao improper privilege management vulnerabilityOpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions …EPSS 0.31%

Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2025-59043), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-26). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.