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Vulnerability record · CVE-2025-54571 · published 6 August 2025

CVE-2025-54571: Owasp modsecurity unchecked return value vulnerability

Owasp · Modsecurity

ModSecurity is an open source, cross platform web application firewall (WAF) engine for Apache, IIS and Nginx. In versions 2.9.11 and below, an attacker can override the HTTP response’s Content-Type, which could lead to several issues depending on the HTTP scenario. For example, we have demonstrated the potential for XSS and arbitrary script source code disclosure in the latest version of mod_security2. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.12.

6.9 CVSS 4.0 Medium EPSS 0.28% · top 81.6% CWE-252 · Unchecked return valueCWE-79 · Cross-site scripting
6.9CVSS 4.0 base score
0.28%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
1Affected product versions listed by NVD
5References, 3 tagged exploit
17 Jun 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

ModSecurity is an open source, cross platform web application firewall (WAF) engine for Apache, IIS and Nginx. In versions 2.9.11 and below, an attacker can override the HTTP response’s Content-Type, which could lead to several issues depending on the HTTP scenario. For example, we have demonstrated the potential for XSS and arbitrary script source code disclosure in the latest version of mod_security2. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.12.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:

Affected products

1 vulnerable configurations from NVD's CPE data, grouped by vendor and product.

References

LinkTags
https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/commit/6d7e8eb18f2d7d368fb8e29516fcdeaeb8d349b8 Patch
https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/issues/2514 ExploitIssue Tracking
https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/security/advisories/GHSA-cg44-9m43-3f9v ExploitVendor Advisory
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/09/msg00008.html
https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/security/advisories/GHSA-cg44-9m43-3f9v ExploitVendor Advisory

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Related vulnerabilities

Same products first, then exploited flaws of the same weakness class.

8.6CVE-2026-52747Owasp modsecurity vulnerabilityModSecurity is an open source, cross platform web application firewall (WAF) engine for Apache, IIS and Nginx. Prior to 3.0.16, the multipart/form-da…EPSS 0.48%8.6CVE-2024-1019Owasp modsecurity improper input validation vulnerabilityModSecurity / libModSecurity 3.0.0 to 3.0.11 is affected by a WAF bypass for path-based payloads submitted via specially crafted request URLs. ModSec…EPSS 0.69%8.2CVE-2026-42268Owasp modsecurity vulnerabilityModSecurity is an open source, cross platform web application firewall (WAF) engine for Apache, IIS and Nginx. From 3.0.0 to before 3.0.15, there is …EPSS 0.49%8.2CVE-2026-30923Owasp modsecurity out-of-bounds read vulnerabilityModSecurity is an open source, cross platform web application firewall (WAF) engine for Apache, IIS and Nginx. Libmodsecurity is one component of the…EPSS 0.52%7.5CVE-2025-48866Owasp modsecurity vulnerabilityModSecurity is an open source, cross platform web application firewall (WAF) engine for Apache, IIS and Nginx. Versions prior to 2.9.10 contain a den…EPSS 0.83%7.5CVE-2023-38285Owasp modsecurity vulnerabilityTrustwave ModSecurity 3.x before 3.0.10 has Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity.EPSS 0.90%7.5CVE-2023-28882Owasp modsecurity uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerabilityTrustwave ModSecurity 3.0.5 through 3.0.8 before 3.0.9 allows a denial of service (worker crash and unresponsiveness) because some inputs cause a seg…EPSS 0.73%7.5CVE-2022-48279Owasp modsecurity interpretation conflict vulnerabilityIn ModSecurity before 2.9.6 and 3.x before 3.0.8, HTTP multipart requests were incorrectly parsed and could bypass the Web Application Firewall. NOTE…EPSS 1.2%

Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2025-54571), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-29). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.