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Vulnerability record · CVE-2025-54490 · published 25 August 2025

CVE-2025-54490: Libbiosig project libbiosig stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability

LLibbiosig Project · Libbiosig

A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 9090 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 64: else if (tag==64) //0x40 { // preamble char tmp[256]; // [1] curPos += ifread(tmp,1,len,hdr); In this case, the overflowed buffer is the newly-declared `tmp` \[1\] instead of `buf`. While `tmp` is larger than `buf`, having a size of 256 bytes, a stack overflow can still occur in cases where `len` is encoded using multiple octets and is greater than 256.

9.8 CVSS 3.1 Critical EPSS 0.68% · top 49.3% CWE-121 · Stack-based buffer overflow
9.8CVSS 3.1 base score
0.68%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
1Affected product versions listed by NVD
2References, 1 tagged exploit
17 Jun 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 9090 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 64: else if (tag==64) //0x40 { // preamble char tmp[256]; // [1] curPos += ifread(tmp,1,len,hdr); In this case, the overflowed buffer is the newly-declared `tmp` \[1\] instead of `buf`. While `tmp` is larger than `buf`, having a size of 256 bytes, a stack overflow can still occur in cases where `len` is encoded using multiple octets and is greater than 256.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected products

1 vulnerable configurations from NVD's CPE data, grouped by vendor and product.

References

LinkTags
https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2234 ExploitThird Party Advisory
https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2234

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Related vulnerabilities

Same products first, then exploited flaws of the same weakness class.

9.8CVE-2026-22891Libbiosig project libbiosig heap-based buffer overflow vulnerabilityA heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the Intan CLP parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.2 and Master Branch (db9…EPSS 0.60%9.8CVE-2025-66048Libbiosig project libbiosig stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilitySeveral stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1. A specially craft…EPSS 0.71%9.8CVE-2025-66046Libbiosig project libbiosig stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilitySeveral stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1. A specially craft…EPSS 0.55%9.8CVE-2025-66044Libbiosig project libbiosig stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilitySeveral stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1. A specially craft…EPSS 0.55%9.8CVE-2025-66047Libbiosig project libbiosig stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilitySeveral stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1. A specially craft…EPSS 0.55%9.8CVE-2025-66045Libbiosig project libbiosig stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilitySeveral stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1. A specially craft…EPSS 0.55%9.8CVE-2025-66043Libbiosig project libbiosig stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilitySeveral stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1. A specially craft…EPSS 0.71%9.8CVE-2025-54494Libbiosig project libbiosig stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilityA stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819f…EPSS 0.68%

Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2025-54490), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-30). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.