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Vulnerability record · CVE-2025-40598 · published 23 July 2025

CVE-2025-40598: SonicWall SMA100 web interface reflected XSS

Sonicwall · Sma 500v Firmware

The SMA100 series web interface reflects user-supplied input without proper neutralization, allowing a reflected cross-site scripting condition. Because the affected devices are remote-access gateways, a successful attack can run script in the context of a victim's authenticated session.

6.1 CVSS 3.1 Medium EPSS 64% · top 0.8% CWE-79 · Cross-site scripting
6.1CVSS 3.1 base score
64%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
3Affected product versions listed by NVD
2References
17 Jun 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

A Reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in the SMA100 series web interface, allowing a remote unauthenticated attacker to potentially execute arbitrary JavaScript code.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

Automated analysis

Generated by VULONE's analysis model from the NVD record, CISA KEV and EPSS data on 20 September 2026. Confidence: medium.

medium priorityCVSS 6.1 medium severity with required user interaction, but high EPSS and exposure of internet-facing remote-access gateways raise the practical risk.

What it is

The SMA100 series web interface reflects user-supplied input without proper neutralization, allowing a reflected cross-site scripting condition. Because the affected devices are remote-access gateways, a successful attack can run script in the context of a victim's authenticated session.

Impact

An attacker can execute arbitrary JavaScript in a victim's browser session, potentially stealing session tokens or performing actions as the victim. The CVSS scope change indicates impact can extend beyond the vulnerable component.

Attack surface

Reachable over the network through the SMA100 web interface with no authentication required, but exploitation requires the victim to interact with a crafted link or page (UI:R).

Exploitation

Not listed in CISA KEV and no ransomware usage documented; EPSS is high at roughly 0.51 (98.9th percentile), and a third-party advisory from WatchTowr covers this CVE alongside related SMA100 flaws.

What to do

  • Apply the SonicWall PSIRT advisory SNWLID-2025-0012 firmware update for SMA100 series appliances.
  • Restrict management and user web interface access to trusted networks or VPN where feasible.
  • Deploy or tune WAF/input filtering to block reflected script payloads against the SMA100 web interface.
  • Educate users not to click unsolicited links to the SMA100 login or portal pages.

Detection

  • Monitor web logs for requests containing script tags or encoded JavaScript in parameters to SMA100 interface paths.
  • Alert on anomalous authenticated session activity following visits to crafted SMA100 URLs.
  • Review proxy and IDS/IPS logs for known XSS payload patterns targeting the SMA100 web interface.

This assessment is produced automatically and is not human-reviewed. Verify against the vendor advisory before acting on it.

Affected products

3 vulnerable configurations from NVD's CPE data, grouped by vendor and product.

References

LinkTags
https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2025-0012 Vendor Advisory
https://labs.watchtowr.com/stack-overflows-heap-overflows-and-existential-dread-sonicwall-sma100-cve-2025-40596-cve-2025 Third Party Advisory

Track CVE-2025-40598 inside VULONE

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Related vulnerabilities

Same products first, then exploited flaws of the same weakness class.

9.8CVE-2021-20038SonicWall SMA 100 appliances stack buffer overflow in mod_cgiA stack-based buffer overflow in the Apache httpd mod_cgi module of SonicWall SMA 100 series appliances lets a remote unauthenticated attacker overwr…KEVEPSS 100%analysed9.8CVE-2021-20028SonicWall SRA appliances SQL injection in end-of-life firmwareSonicWall Secure Remote Access (SRA) appliances running all 8.x firmware and 9.0.0.9-26sv or earlier fail to neutralize SQL commands, allowing SQL in…KEVEPSS 30%analysed9.8CVE-2021-20016SonicWall SMA100 SSLVPN SQL injection allows unauthenticated accessSonicWall SSLVPN SMA100 firmware 10.x contains a SQL injection flaw in its SSLVPN interface. A remote attacker with no credentials can inject SQL to …KEVEPSS 40%analysed9.1CVE-2024-38475Apache HTTP Server mod_rewrite improper escaping enables code executionApache HTTP Server 2.4.59 and earlier has an improper output escaping flaw in mod_rewrite. Substitutions in server context that use a backreference o…KEVEPSS 100%analysed7.2CVE-2023-44221SonicWall SMA100 SSL-VPN management interface OS command injectionThe SMA100 SSL-VPN management interface fails to neutralize special elements, allowing command injection. A remote attacker who already holds adminis…KEVEPSS 76%analysed6.5CVE-2021-20035SonicWall SMA100 management interface OS command injectionThe SMA100 management interface fails to neutralize special elements, letting a remote authenticated attacker inject arbitrary commands that run as t…KEVEPSS 4.2%analysed9.8CVE-2022-22273Sonicwall sma 200 firmware os command injection vulnerabilityImproper neutralization of Special Elements leading to OS Command Injection vulnerability impacting end-of-life Secure Remote Access (SRA) products a…EPSS 1.9%9.8CVE-2021-20042Sonicwall sma 200 firmware vulnerabilityAn unauthenticated remote attacker can use SMA 100 as an unintended proxy or intermediary undetectable proxy to bypass firewall rules. This vulnerabi…EPSS 2.6%

Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2025-40598), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-26). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.