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Vulnerability record · CVE-2025-34457 · published 22 December 2025

CVE-2025-34457: Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability

wb2osz/direwolf (Dire Wolf) versions up to and including 1.8, prior to commit 694c954, contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the function kiss_rec_byte() located in src/kiss_frame.c. When processing crafted KISS frames that reach the maximum allowed frame length (MAX_KISS_LEN), the function appends a terminating FEND byte without reserving sufficient space in the stack buffer. This results in an out-of-bounds write followed by an out-of-bounds read during the subsequent call to kiss_unwrap(), leading to stack memory corruption or application crashes. This vulnerability may allow remote unauthenticated attackers to trigger a denial-of-service condition.

8.7 CVSS 4.0 High EPSS 0.51% · top 59.0% CWE-121 · Stack-based buffer overflow Deferred
8.7CVSS 4.0 base score
0.51%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
0Affected product versions listed by NVD
4References
17 Jun 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

wb2osz/direwolf (Dire Wolf) versions up to and including 1.8, prior to commit 694c954, contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the function kiss_rec_byte() located in src/kiss_frame.c. When processing crafted KISS frames that reach the maximum allowed frame length (MAX_KISS_LEN), the function appends a terminating FEND byte without reserving sufficient space in the stack buffer. This results in an out-of-bounds write followed by an out-of-bounds read during the subsequent call to kiss_unwrap(), leading to stack memory corruption or application crashes. This vulnerability may allow remote unauthenticated attackers to trigger a denial-of-service condition.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:

References

LinkTags
https://github.com/marlinkcyber/advisories/blob/main/advisories/MCSAID-2025-010-direwolf-stack-buffer-overflow-kiss-fram
https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf/commit/694c954
https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf/issues/617
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/wb2osz-direwolf-stack-based-buffer-overflow-dos

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Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2025-34457), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-26). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.