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Vulnerability record · CVE-2025-20028 · published 10 March 2026

CVE-2025-20028: TOCTOU race condition vulnerability

Time-of-check time-of-use race condition in the WheaERST SMM module for some Intel(R) reference platforms may allow an escalation of privilege. System software adversary with a privileged user combined with a high complexity attack may enable escalation of privilege. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are present without special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (high), integrity (high) and availability (high) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts.

7.1 CVSS 4.0 High EPSS 0.08% · top 99.9% CWE-367 · TOCTOU race condition Awaiting Analysis
7.1CVSS 4.0 base score
0.08%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
0Affected product versions listed by NVD
1References
17 Jun 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

Time-of-check time-of-use race condition in the WheaERST SMM module for some Intel(R) reference platforms may allow an escalation of privilege. System software adversary with a privileged user combined with a high complexity attack may enable escalation of privilege. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are present without special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (high), integrity (high) and availability (high) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts.

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:

References

LinkTags
https://intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01234.html

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Related vulnerabilities

Same products first, then exploited flaws of the same weakness class.

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Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2025-20028), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-25). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.