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Vulnerability record · CVE-2025-10230 · published 7 November 2025

CVE-2025-10230: OS command injection vulnerability

A flaw was found in Samba, in the front-end WINS hook handling: NetBIOS names from registration packets are passed to a shell without proper validation or escaping. Unsanitized NetBIOS name data from WINS registration packets are inserted into a shell command and executed by the Samba Active Directory Domain Controller’s wins hook, allowing an unauthenticated network attacker to achieve remote command execution as the Samba process.

10.0 CVSS 3.1 Critical EPSS 40% · top 1.4% CWE-78 · OS command injection Deferred
10.0CVSS 3.1 base score
40%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
0Affected product versions listed by NVD
5References
31 Aug 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

A flaw was found in Samba, in the front-end WINS hook handling: NetBIOS names from registration packets are passed to a shell without proper validation or escaping. Unsanitized NetBIOS name data from WINS registration packets are inserted into a shell command and executed by the Samba Active Directory Domain Controller’s wins hook, allowing an unauthenticated network attacker to achieve remote command execution as the Samba process.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

References

LinkTags
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-10230
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2394377
https://www.samba.org/samba/history/security.html
https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-10230-detect-samba-vulnerability
https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-10230-mitigate-samba-vulnerability

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Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2025-10230), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-26). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.