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Vulnerability record · CVE-2025-0678 · published 3 March 2025

CVE-2025-0678: Gnu grub2 integer overflow vulnerability

Gnu · Grub2

A flaw was found in grub2. When reading data from a squash4 filesystem, grub's squash4 fs module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem geometry to determine the internal buffer size, however, it improperly checks for integer overflows. A maliciously crafted filesystem may lead some of those buffer size calculations to overflow, causing it to perform a grub_malloc() operation with a smaller size than expected. As a result, the direct_read() will perform a heap based out-of-bounds write during data reading. This flaw may be leveraged to corrupt grub's internal critical data and may result in arbitrary code execution, by-passing secure boot protections.

7.8 CVSS 3.1 High EPSS 0.28% · top 81.2% CWE-190 · Integer overflow
7.8CVSS 3.1 base score
0.28%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
3Affected product versions listed by NVD
3References
30 Jun 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

A flaw was found in grub2. When reading data from a squash4 filesystem, grub's squash4 fs module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem geometry to determine the internal buffer size, however, it improperly checks for integer overflows. A maliciously crafted filesystem may lead some of those buffer size calculations to overflow, causing it to perform a grub_malloc() operation with a smaller size than expected. As a result, the direct_read() will perform a heap based out-of-bounds write during data reading. This flaw may be leveraged to corrupt grub's internal critical data and may result in arbitrary code execution, by-passing secure boot protections.

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected products

3 vulnerable configurations from NVD's CPE data, grouped by vendor and product.

References

LinkTags
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-0678 Broken Link
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2346118 Issue Tracking
https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/grub-devel/2025-02/msg00024.html

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Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2025-0678), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-26). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.