← Vulnerability feed

Vulnerability record · CVE-2023-4481 · published 1 September 2023

CVE-2023-4481: Juniper junos improper input validation vulnerability

Juniper · Junos

An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the Routing Protocol Daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS). When certain specific crafted BGP UPDATE messages are received over an established BGP session, one BGP session may be torn down with an UPDATE message error, or the issue may propagate beyond the local system which will remain non-impacted, but may affect one or more remote systems. This issue is exploitable remotely as the crafted UPDATE message can propagate through unaffected systems and intermediate BGP speakers. Continuous receipt of the crafted BGP UPDATE messages will create a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition for impacted devices. This issue affects eBGP and iBGP, in both IPv4 and IPv6 implementations. This issue requires a remote attacker to have at least one established BGP session. Improper Input Validation, Denial of Service vulnerability in Juniper Networks, Inc. Junos OS (BGP, rpd modules), Juniper Networks, Inc. Junos OS Evolved (BGP, rpd modules) allows Fuzzing.This issue affects  Junos OS:  * All versions before 20.4R3-S10, * from 21.1R1 through 21.*, * from 21.2 before 21.2R3-S5, * from 21.3 before 21.3R3-S5, * from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S7 (unaffected from 21.4R3-S5, affected from 21.4R3-S6) * from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S4, * from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S3, * from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S1, * from 22.4 before 22.4R3, * from 23.2 before 23.2R2. Junos OS Evolved: * All versions before 20.4R3-S10-EVO, * from 21.2-EVO before 21.2R3-S7-EVO, * from 21.3-EVO before 21.3R3-S5-EVO, * from 21.4-EVO before 21.4R3-S5-EVO, * from 22.1-EVO before 22.1R3-S4-EVO, * from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S3-EVO, * from 22.3-EVO before 22.3R3-S1-EVO, * from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-EVO, * from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-EVO.

7.5 CVSS 3.1 High EPSS 18% · top 2.9% CWE-20 · Improper input validation
7.5CVSS 3.1 base score
18%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
2Affected product versions listed by NVD
8References
17 Jun 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the Routing Protocol Daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS). When certain specific crafted BGP UPDATE messages are received over an established BGP session, one BGP session may be torn down with an UPDATE message error, or the issue may propagate beyond the local system which will remain non-impacted, but may affect one or more remote systems. This issue is exploitable remotely as the crafted UPDATE message can propagate through unaffected systems and intermediate BGP speakers. Continuous receipt of the crafted BGP UPDATE messages will create a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition for impacted devices. This issue affects eBGP and iBGP, in both IPv4 and IPv6 implementations. This issue requires a remote attacker to have at least one established BGP session. Improper Input Validation, Denial of Service vulnerability in Juniper Networks, Inc. Junos OS (BGP, rpd modules), Juniper Networks, Inc. Junos OS Evolved (BGP, rpd modules) allows Fuzzing.This issue affects  Junos OS:  * All versions before 20.4R3-S10, * from 21.1R1 through 21.*, * from 21.2 before 21.2R3-S5, * from 21.3 before 21.3R3-S5, * from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S7 (unaffected from 21.4R3-S5, affected from 21.4R3-S6) * from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S4, * from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S3, * from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S1, * from 22.4 before 22.4R3, * from 23.2 before 23.2R2. Junos OS Evolved: * All versions before 20.4R3-S10-EVO, * from 21.2-EVO before 21.2R3-S7-EVO, * from 21.3-EVO before 21.3R3-S5-EVO, * from 21.4-EVO before 21.4R3-S5-EVO, * from 22.1-EVO before 22.1R3-S4-EVO, * from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S3-EVO, * from 22.3-EVO before 22.3R3-S1-EVO, * from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-EVO, * from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-EVO.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Affected products

2 vulnerable configurations from NVD's CPE data, grouped by vendor and product.

References

LinkTags
https://kb.juniper.net/JSA72510 Vendor Advisory
https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/bgp/topics/topic-map/bgp-error-messages.html Vendor Advisory
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4271 Technical Description
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7606 Technical Description
https://kb.juniper.net/JSA72510 Vendor Advisory
https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/bgp/topics/topic-map/bgp-error-messages.html Vendor Advisory
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4271 Technical Description
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7606 Technical Description

Track CVE-2023-4481 inside VULONE

Watch it alongside the ransomware crews, C2 infrastructure and forum chatter that reference it, query it through the API and pull it into your SIEM over TAXII.

Start free Open in platform

Related vulnerabilities

Same products first, then exploited flaws of the same weakness class.

9.8CVE-2023-36845Juniper Junos OS J-Web PHP variable modification RCEJ-Web in Junos OS on EX Series and SRX Series mishandles the PHP PHPRC environment variable, letting a crafted request alter the PHP execution enviro…KEVEPSS 95%analysed9.8CVE-2020-1631Juniper Junos OS J-Web HTTP service path traversal and local file inclusionThe HTTP/HTTPS service behind J-Web, Web Authentication, Dynamic-VPN, Firewall Authentication Pass-Through with Web-Redirect, and ZTP in Junos OS doe…KEVEPSS 4.8%analysed6.7CVE-2025-21590Juniper Junos OS kernel improper isolation allows local code injectionJunos OS contains an improper isolation or compartmentalization flaw in the kernel that lets a local attacker with shell access inject arbitrary code…KEVEPSS 1.7%analysed5.3CVE-2023-36851Juniper Junos OS SRX J-Web missing authentication allows file upload/downloadJunos OS on SRX Series exposes webauth_operation.php without authentication, letting a network attacker upload and download arbitrary files through J…KEVEPSS 1.1%analysed5.3CVE-2023-36844Juniper Junos OS EX Series J-Web PHP Environment Variable ModificationJ-Web on Junos OS for EX Series fails to properly restrict external PHP variable modification, letting an unauthenticated network attacker alter impo…KEVEPSS 90%analysed5.3CVE-2023-36846Juniper Junos OS SRX J-Web Missing Authentication Allows File UploadJunos OS on SRX Series fails to require authentication for a critical function in user.php reachable through J-Web, letting an unauthenticated networ…KEVEPSS 93%analysed5.3CVE-2023-36847Juniper Junos OS EX Series J-Web installAppPackage.php missing authenticationJunos OS on EX Series exposes installAppPackage.php through J-Web without requiring authentication. An unauthenticated network attacker can upload ar…KEVEPSS 83%analysed10.0CVE-2021-31384Juniper junos improper authorization vulnerabilityDue to a Missing Authorization weakness and Insufficient Granularity of Access Control in a specific device configuration, a vulnerability exists in …EPSS 1.2%

Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2023-4481), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-26). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.