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Vulnerability record · CVE-2023-25577 · published 14 February 2023

CVE-2023-25577: Palletsprojects werkzeug allocation without limits vulnerability

PPalletsprojects · Werkzeug

Werkzeug is a comprehensive WSGI web application library. Prior to version 2.2.3, Werkzeug's multipart form data parser will parse an unlimited number of parts, including file parts. Parts can be a small amount of bytes, but each requires CPU time to parse and may use more memory as Python data. If a request can be made to an endpoint that accesses `request.data`, `request.form`, `request.files`, or `request.get_data(parse_form_data=False)`, it can cause unexpectedly high resource usage. This allows an attacker to cause a denial of service by sending crafted multipart data to an endpoint that will parse it. The amount of CPU time required can block worker processes from handling legitimate requests. The amount of RAM required can trigger an out of memory kill of the process. Unlimited file parts can use up memory and file handles. If many concurrent requests are sent continuously, this can exhaust or kill all available workers. Version 2.2.3 contains a patch for this issue.

7.5 CVSS 3.1 High EPSS 1.4% · top 28.2% CWE-770 · Allocation without limits
7.5CVSS 3.1 base score
1.4%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
1Affected product versions listed by NVD
10References
17 Jun 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

Werkzeug is a comprehensive WSGI web application library. Prior to version 2.2.3, Werkzeug's multipart form data parser will parse an unlimited number of parts, including file parts. Parts can be a small amount of bytes, but each requires CPU time to parse and may use more memory as Python data. If a request can be made to an endpoint that accesses `request.data`, `request.form`, `request.files`, or `request.get_data(parse_form_data=False)`, it can cause unexpectedly high resource usage. This allows an attacker to cause a denial of service by sending crafted multipart data to an endpoint that will parse it. The amount of CPU time required can block worker processes from handling legitimate requests. The amount of RAM required can trigger an out of memory kill of the process. Unlimited file parts can use up memory and file handles. If many concurrent requests are sent continuously, this can exhaust or kill all available workers. Version 2.2.3 contains a patch for this issue.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Affected products

1 vulnerable configurations from NVD's CPE data, grouped by vendor and product.

References

LinkTags
https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/commit/517cac5a804e8c4dc4ed038bb20dacd038e7a9f1 Patch
https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/releases/tag/2.2.3 Release Notes
https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/security/advisories/GHSA-xg9f-g7g7-2323 Vendor Advisory
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230818-0003/
https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5470
https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/commit/517cac5a804e8c4dc4ed038bb20dacd038e7a9f1 Patch
https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/releases/tag/2.2.3 Release Notes
https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/security/advisories/GHSA-xg9f-g7g7-2323 Vendor Advisory
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230818-0003/
https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5470

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Same products first, then exploited flaws of the same weakness class.

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Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2023-25577), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-27). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.