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Vulnerability record · CVE-2016-0785 · published 12 April 2016

CVE-2016-0785: Apache struts improper input validation vulnerability

Apache · Struts

Apache Struts 2.x before 2.3.28 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a "%{}" sequence in a tag attribute, aka forced double OGNL evaluation.

8.8 CVSS 3.0 High EPSS 8.9% · top 5.0% CWE-20 · Improper input validation
8.8CVSS 3.0 base score, v2 9.0
8.9%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
1Affected product versions listed by NVD
6References
17 Jun 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

Apache Struts 2.x before 2.3.28 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a "%{}" sequence in a tag attribute, aka forced double OGNL evaluation.

CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected products

1 vulnerable configurations from NVD's CPE data, grouped by vendor and product.

References

LinkTags
http://struts.apache.org/docs/s2-029.html Vendor Advisory
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/85066 Third Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1035271 Third Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
http://struts.apache.org/docs/s2-029.html Vendor Advisory
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/85066 Third Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1035271 Third Party AdvisoryVDB Entry

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Related vulnerabilities

Same products first, then exploited flaws of the same weakness class.

9.8CVE-2020-17530Apache Struts forced OGNL evaluation enables remote code executionApache Struts 2.0.0 through 2.5.25 performs forced OGNL evaluation on raw user input placed in tag attributes, allowing expression language injection…KEVEPSS 96%analysed9.8CVE-2017-9791Apache Struts 1 plugin input validation flaw enables remote code executionThe Struts 1 plugin in Apache Struts 2.1.x and 2.3.x may allow remote code execution when a malicious field value is passed in a raw message to the A…KEVEPSS 99%analysed9.8CVE-2017-5638Apache Struts 2 Jakarta Multipart parser remote code executionThe Jakarta Multipart parser in Apache Struts 2 mishandles exceptions and error messages during file-upload attempts, letting a crafted Content-Type,…KEVEPSS 100%analysed9.8CVE-2013-2251Apache Struts 2 OGNL injection enables remote code executionApache Struts 2.0.0 through 2.3.15 fails to properly validate request parameters, allowing crafted action:, redirect:, or redirectAction: prefixes to…KEVEPSS 100%analysed9.8CVE-2012-0391Apache Struts ExceptionDelegator OGNL injection enables remote code executionApache Struts before 2.2.3.1 evaluates parameter values as OGNL expressions in the ExceptionDelegator component during exception handling for mismatc…KEVEPSS 76%analysed8.1CVE-2018-11776Apache Struts namespace handling flaw enables remote code executionApache Struts 2.3 through 2.3.34 and 2.5 through 2.5.16 can execute remote code when alwaysSelectFullNamespace is enabled and results or url tags are…KEVEPSS 100%analysed8.1CVE-2017-9805Apache Struts REST Plugin XStream deserialization RCEThe REST Plugin in Apache Struts 2.1.1 through 2.3.x before 2.3.34 and 2.5.x before 2.5.13 uses an XStreamHandler with an XStream instance for deseri…KEVEPSS 99%analysed7.5CVE-2006-1547Apache Struts 1 ActionForm multipart parameter denial of serviceApache Struts before 1.2.9 with BeanUtils 1.7 exposes the public getMultipartRequestHandler method through ActionForm parameter binding. A remote att…KEVEPSS 55%analysed

Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2016-0785), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-26). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.