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Vulnerability record · CVE-2015-10141 · published 23 July 2025

CVE-2015-10141: OS command injection vulnerability

An unauthenticated OS command injection vulnerability exists within Xdebug versions 2.5.5 and earlier, a PHP debugging extension developed by Derick Rethans. When remote debugging is enabled, Xdebug listens on port 9000 and accepts debugger protocol commands without authentication. An attacker can send a crafted eval command over this interface to execute arbitrary PHP code, which may invoke system-level functions such as system() or passthru(). This results in full compromise of the host under the privileges of the web server user.

9.3 CVSS 4.0 Critical EPSS 7.4% · top 5.8% CWE-78 · OS command injectionCWE-306 · Missing authentication for critical function Deferred
9.3CVSS 4.0 base score
7.4%EPSS exploitation probability, 30 days
NoNot in CISA KEV
0Affected product versions listed by NVD
6References
17 Jun 2026Last modified by NVD

Description

An unauthenticated OS command injection vulnerability exists within Xdebug versions 2.5.5 and earlier, a PHP debugging extension developed by Derick Rethans. When remote debugging is enabled, Xdebug listens on port 9000 and accepts debugger protocol commands without authentication. An attacker can send a crafted eval command over this interface to execute arbitrary PHP code, which may invoke system-level functions such as system() or passthru(). This results in full compromise of the host under the privileges of the web server user.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:

References

LinkTags
http://web.archive.org/web/20231226215418/https://paper.seebug.org/397/
https://kirtixs.com/blog/2015/11/13/xpwn-exploiting-xdebug-enabled-servers/
https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44568
https://www.fortiguard.com/encyclopedia/ips/46000
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/xdebug-remote-debugger-unauth-os-command-execution
https://xdebug.org/

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Source: NIST National Vulnerability Database (record CVE-2015-10141), CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS (scores of 2026-09-27). This page is refreshed as NVD updates the record.